Lukol Directory: Arts: Music: Theory: Tuning Systems

Keyboard temperament analyzer/calculator - Bradley Lehman
Excel spreadsheet that analyzes keyboard temperaments: gives beat rates for tuning, and harmonic-tension charts in all keys.
http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bpl/temper....

Huygens-Fokker Foundation
Center for microtonal music. Promotes microtonal music in all its forms
http://www.xs4all.nl/~huygensf/english/

Comparison of Temperaments
Table comparing various temperaments, including Equal Temperament, Pythagorean, another natural tuning, two mean-tone tunings, two Well temperaments, two Indian tunings, and two Persian tunings.
http://www.pcug.org.au/~apurdam/tempers.ht...

Tantrum
Tool for the study of temperament anomalies.
http://www.well.com/user/smalin/tantrum.ht...

Pythagorean Tuning and Medieval Polyphony
Article by Margo Schulter.
http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/harmony/pyth...

Encyclopedia of Microtonal Music Theory
By Tonalsoft, a software manufacturer. Includes introduction.
http://www.tonalsoft.com/enc/encyclopedia....

An Introduction to Historical Tunings
On the development of tuning systems in Medieval Europe (Kirnberger, Young, and mean-tone systems).
http://www.kylegann.com/histune.html

Musical tunings and temperment
Color-coded descriptions of tunings and temperments from the 9th Century through 16th Century.
http://www.ppexpressivo.co.uk

Justonic Tuning Inc.
Pitch Palette software tunes a microtunable synthesizer to just intonation, world scales, historic scales and user scales in real time.
http://www.justonic.com/

Julian Carrillo and the Thirteenth Sound
(1875-1965), Mexican music creator of the microtonal system called the 13th Sound. He reformed the theory of music, invented a new musical written based in numbers and built instrument capable to produce those small intervals.
http://paginas.tol.itesm.mx/campus/L002803...

Equal Temperament Tuning
An introduction to equal temperament for guitarists who have problems tuning their guitars.
http://users.adelphia.net/~cygnusx_1/equal...

The Argument for Equal Temperament
Lerdahl's cognitive constraints.
http://music.dartmouth.edu/~kov/lerdahl/Eq...

Historical Tuning
Includes information on the differences between equal temperament and well temperament and why Bach rejected equal temperament and celebrated well temperament.
http://www.bestweb.net/~rmp

World Scale Depository
Construction of a reference center of scale measurements throughout the world.
http://www.anaphoria.com/depos.html

A Beginner's Guide to Temperament
Written by Stephen Bicknell for the electronic mailing list Piporg-l.
http://www.users.dircon.co.uk/~oneskull/3....

Understanding Temperaments
Tunings used for harpsichords.
http://pages.globetrotter.net/roule/temper...

Alternate Temperaments: Theory and Philosophy
Introduction to tuning systems, based on the cents system. Written by Terry Blackburn.
http://www.rdrop.com/users/tblackb/music/t...

A Tour Up The Harmonic Series
Basic introduction to the Pythagorean circle of fifths and the physical basis for the need for alternative tuning systems.
http://www.redshift.com/~dcanright/harmser...

Tuning by Ratios
This paper explores the use of simple ratios to tune musical intervals and chords. Included are a tutorial, a set of computer programs, and a re-tuned two-part invention by J.S. Bach.
http://www.leeds.ac.uk/music/studio/rproj_...

Sub Topics:
Just Intonation
Microtonal
Magazines and E-zines





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2006